The Golden Eagle is one of the best known birds of prey in the northern hemisphere. It is the most widely distributed species of eagle and belongs to the family Accipitridae.
The majestic Golden Eagle, is known for the shining feathers on the back of its head and neck; a powerful beak and talons expressing its hunting power. These birds are dark brown, with lighter golden-brown plumage on their back of the neck. Immature eagles typically have white on the tail and often have white markings on the wings. Golden eagles use their agility and speed combined with powerful feet and massive, sharp talons to snatch up a varieties of prey.
Keys for Identification and various other Information about it:-
- The Golden Eagle is a very large dark brown raptor with broad wings. This species's wingspan is the fifth largest amongst the whole survivng species of eagle.
lts are primarily dark in colour, with paler, typically golden colour on the back of the crown and neck and some grey on the inner-wing and tail. - The juvenile golden eagle is similar to the adult but tends to be darker, appearing black on the back. Compared to adults, juveniles have a more unfaded colour.
Young birds are white for about two-thirds of their tail length ending with a broad, black terminal band. Due to amount of variability in different individuals, juvenile eagles cannot be reliably aged on sight alone. - Golden Eagles are the most superlative fliers among eagles and among all other raptorial birds. When hunting, it is capable of very fast gliding, attaing speeds upto 190 km/hr (120 mph).
When diving in the direction of prey, it holds its wings tight and partially closed against its body and the legs up against its tail. - Golden Eagles favour partially or completely open country, especially around mountains, hills and cliffs. They are fairly adaptable in habitat but often reside in areas with a few shared ecological characteristics.
They use a variety of habitats ranging from arctic to desert, including tundra, shrublands, grasslands, coniferous forest and areas along rivers and streams. - Native vegetation seems to be attractive to them and they typically avoid developed areas of any type from urban to agricultural as well as heavily forested regions. In desolate areas, they can be found at roadkills and garbage dumping sites.
- Usually found alone or in pairs, Golden Eagles typically glide with wings lifted into a slight 'V' and the wingtip feathers spread like fingers.
They capture prey on or near the ground, locating it by flying low over the ground, or hunting from a perch. - Golden Eagles prey mainly on small to medium-sized mammals, including hares, rabbits and ground squirrels etc. Black-tailed jack rabbits are a key prey species throughout much of their range.
These eagles are also capable of taking larger bird and mammal prey, including cranes, swans, deer and domestic livestock. They are even obseved killing seals, mountain goats, bighorn sheep, badgers and bobcats. They also catch fish, rob nests and steal food from other birds. - Prior 1-3 months of laying eggs, a Golden-Eagle pair builds a nest consisting of sticks and vegetation which sometimes include bones, antlers and human made objects like wire or fence posts. They line the nest with locally available grass, bark leaves, mosses or lichens. They often include aromatic leaves to keep insects, pests far from them and their babies.
Nests are huge of about 5-6 feet wide and 2 feet high, enclosing a bowl of about 3 feet by 2 feet deep. The largest nest of Golden Eagle recorded was 20 feet tall and 8.5 feet wide. They usually make their nest on cliffs or in trees, on the ground, or in human made structures like windmills, observation towers and electrical transmission towers. They make their nests near hunting grounds or a place to command a wide view of their surroundings.
- Golden Eagles are equipped with astonishing speed. In an undulating territorial and courtship display known as 'sky-dancing', a Golden Eagle performs a rapid series of upto 20 steep dives and upward swoops, beating its wings three or four times at the top of each rise.
- The Golden Eagle is the most common official national animal in the world, it is the emblem of Albania, Germany, Austria, Mexico and Kazakhstan. ALBANIA GERMANY AUSTRIA MEXICO KAZAKHSTAN
- As their common prey animals don't tend to ingest pesticides, Golden Eagle have escaped the harm which is sustained by fish-eating or bird-eating raptors from DDT and related chemicals. When these pesticides thinned the eggshells of many birds of prey, Golden Eagle's shell retained the normal thickness. Pesticide concentrations in their blood remained below levels known to cause reproductive problems.
- With the help of ancient falconry technique known as "Hacking", the population of Golden Eagle is restoring. Humans feed cage, lab-reared nestlings at a nest-like hack site until the birds reach 12 weeks old, when the cage is opened, they begin feeding on themselves.
- The oldest Golden Eagle as recorded was almost 31 years, 8 months old, when it was found in 2012 in Utah.
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